Are you ready to explore the incredible diversity of coyotes?
In this article, you’ll discover types of coyotes, each with its own unique characteristics and captivating features.
From the majestic Northeastern Coyotes found in Canada and northern USA to the elusive Southern Coyotes inhabiting the southern regions of the United States and northern Mexico, we’ll delve into their striking appearances and distinct traits.
Get ready to be amazed by the extraordinary world of coyotes!
Key Takeaways
- Northeastern Coyotes are larger and have a broad skull, found in Canada and northern USA.
- Central Coyotes include Plains Coyotes, Northern Coyotes, Mountain, and Texas Plains Coyotes, with noticeable size and coat differences among subspecies.
- Southern Coyotes are small subspecies found in southern USA and northern Mexico, with limited information available.
- Pacific Coast Coyotes include California Valley and Northwest Coast Coyotes, with distinct characteristics and habitats.
Northeastern Coyotes
Northeastern Coyotes, larger than plains coyotes and with a broad skull, are found in Canada and the northern USA. These remarkable creatures exhibit unique adaptations that set them apart from their counterparts in the central regions.
When comparing the physical characteristics of northeastern and central coyotes, it becomes evident that northeastern coyotes are larger in size and possess a broader skull.
In terms of size, northeastern coyotes surpass plains coyotes in both height and weight. Their larger stature enables them to navigate the rugged terrain of their habitat more effectively. Additionally, the broad skull of northeastern coyotes provides them with greater strength and durability, allowing them to take on the challenges posed by their environment.
Furthermore, northeastern coyotes display a remarkable ability to adapt to their surroundings. They’ve developed a keen sense of hearing and sight, enabling them to locate prey and avoid potential threats. Their thick fur coat provides insulation against the harsh winter conditions that prevail in their range, ensuring their survival during the colder months.
Central Coyotes
Central Coyotes, known for their noticeably smaller size and paler coat, can be found in various regions of the United States. These coyotes exhibit distinct characteristics that set them apart from other subspecies. Here are some key features and variations of Central Coyotes:
- Size Variations:
Central Coyotes are generally smaller in size compared to other coyote types. This smaller stature allows them to navigate through different terrains with ease.
- Paler Coat:
The coat of Central Coyotes tends to be lighter in color, ranging from a creamy beige to a pale gray. This adaptation helps them blend in with their surroundings and provides camouflage.
- Comparison to Northeastern Coyotes:
In contrast to the color variations in northeastern coyotes, Central Coyotes have a more uniform and lighter coat. This difference in coloration is believed to be an adaptation to the specific habitats and environments they inhabit.
- Adaptability:
Central Coyotes have shown remarkable adaptability to their surroundings, allowing them to thrive in a variety of habitats. Whether it’s the open plains, mountainous areas, or even urban landscapes, these coyotes have proven their ability to survive and thrive.
Central Coyotes exemplify the diversity and adaptability of coyote populations in the United States. Their smaller size and paler coat make them unique among coyote subspecies, allowing them to thrive in various environments. Understanding these variations helps us appreciate the incredible adaptability and resilience of these fascinating creatures.
Southern Coyotes
Southern coyotes are a small subspecies found in the southern USA and northern Mexico.
One unique feature of the southern coyote is the Mearns coyote, which has small teeth and brightly colored fur.
However, there’s limited information available on these southern coyote subspecies, making further research necessary to fully understand their distribution and characteristics.
Southern Coyote Distribution
Where can you find the small subspecies of coyotes with brightly colored fur and limited information available? Look no further than the Southern Coyotes, also known as the Lower Rio Grande and Mearns Coyotes. These unique and distinct coyotes can be found in the southern United States and northern Mexico. Although information on these subspecies is limited, here are some key points about their distribution:
- Southern Coyote Diet:
- Southern coyotes have a diverse diet that includes small mammals, birds, reptiles, and even fruits and vegetables.
- They’re opportunistic scavengers and are known to eat carrion and human food waste.
- Southern Coyote Behavior:
- These coyotes are highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of habitats, including urban areas.
- They’re known for their cunning and intelligence, which allows them to survive in challenging environments.
- Distribution:
- Southern Coyotes are primarily found in regions along the Rio Grande river, including Texas, New Mexico, and parts of Arizona.
- They can also be found in northern Mexico, particularly in the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas.
As research continues, more information will be uncovered about these fascinating Southern Coyotes and their unique behaviors and adaptations.
Unique Features of Mearns Coyote
One notable characteristic of Mearns coyotes, a subspecies of coyotes found in the southern United States and northern Mexico, is their brightly colored fur. The Mearns coyote population is known for having fur that ranges from reddish-brown to golden-yellow, making them stand out among other coyote subspecies. This unique feature not only adds to their aesthetic appeal but also serves as a form of camouflage in their natural habitat.
However, due to habitat loss and human activities, the Mearns coyote population has been declining. To mitigate this, Mearns coyote conservation efforts have been implemented, focusing on preserving their natural habitats and raising awareness about the importance of protecting this distinctive subspecies. These conservation efforts aim to ensure the survival and thriving of the Mearns coyote population for future generations.
Limited Info on Subspecies
When it comes to the subspecies of southern coyotes, information is limited. However, there are a few unique features of the Mearns coyote and the ecological role of Tiburon Island coyotes that are worth mentioning.
- Unique Features of Mearns Coyote:
- Small teeth: The Mearns coyote has smaller teeth compared to other subspecies, which might indicate adaptations to a specific diet or feeding behavior.
- Brightly colored fur: Unlike other coyotes, the Mearns coyote has brightly colored fur, which could serve as a form of camouflage or visual communication within its habitat.
- Ecological Role of Tiburon Island Coyotes:
- Limited information available: Unfortunately, there’s limited information on the ecological role of Tiburon Island coyotes. However, they’ve been documented hunting and killing an adult blue-footed booby, suggesting their ability to adapt to different prey sources.
- Pale species with heavy teeth and large skull: Tiburon Island coyotes possess unique physical characteristics that might be indicative of their ecological role on the island, such as their heavy teeth and large skull.
Though more research is needed, these limited insights into the Mearns coyote’s unique features and the ecological role of Tiburon Island coyotes provide a starting point for understanding the distinct characteristics of southern coyote subspecies.
Pacific Coast Coyotes
When it comes to Pacific Coast Coyotes, you can expect to see a variety of color variations. From the California Valley coyote, which is short and underdeveloped, to the Northwest Coast coyotes with their brighter fur, the Pacific Coast offers a range of hues.
These coyotes are commonly found in California’s Sonoran regions and in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon.
Color Variations in Pacific Coast Coyotes
Discover the diverse color variations that can be found in Pacific Coast coyotes. These coyotes, specifically the California Valley and Northwest Coast coyotes, showcase a range of beautiful fur colors.
- California Valley coyotes, commonly found in California’s Sonoran regions, have short and underdeveloped bodies. They exhibit a variety of coat colors, including shades of gray, brown, and even reddish tones. These color variations allow them to blend in with their surroundings, showcasing their habitat preferences in arid and desert regions.
- On the other hand, Northwest Coast coyotes, found in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon, have brighter fur. Their coats can range from light gray to brown, with some individuals displaying a reddish hue. These color variations aid in their camouflage within the dense forests and coastal areas they inhabit.
The impact of these color variations on local ecosystems is significant. By blending in with their surroundings, Pacific Coast coyotes can better hunt for prey and avoid predators, ensuring their survival in their respective habitats.
Habitat Range of Pacific Coast Coyotes
Moving on to the habitat range of Pacific Coast coyotes, they can be found along the western coast of North America, specifically in California’s Sonoran regions, as well as in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. These coyotes exhibit interesting color variations, with California Valley coyotes being short and underdeveloped, while Northwest Coast coyotes have brighter fur.
Pacific Coast coyotes play an important ecological role, including that of the Tiburon Island coyotes. This subspecies is endemic to Mexico’s Tiburon Island and is characterized by its pale appearance, heavy teeth, and large skull. Although limited information is available, it has been documented that Tiburon Island coyotes hunt and kill adult blue-footed boobies.
Understanding the habitat range and ecological roles of Pacific Coast coyotes contributes to our knowledge of these fascinating animals.
Physical Characteristics of Pacific Coast Coyotes
To understand the physical characteristics of Pacific Coast coyotes, let’s delve into their unique features and adaptations.
- Color Variations in Pacific Coast Coyotes:
- Pacific Coast coyotes exhibit a wide range of color variations, ranging from light gray to reddish-brown.
- Some individuals may have a mix of colors, creating a mottled or patchy appearance.
- The fur of Pacific Coast coyotes tends to be lighter and brighter compared to other coyote subspecies.
- Habitat Range of Pacific Coast Coyotes:
- Pacific Coast coyotes primarily inhabit the coastal regions of California, Oregon, and Washington.
- They’re well adapted to various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and even urban areas.
- These coyotes have successfully established themselves in both rural and urban environments, showcasing their adaptability.
Pacific Coast coyotes possess distinct physical characteristics, including their diverse color variations and their ability to thrive in various habitats. These adaptations contribute to their survival and success along the Pacific Coast.
Mexican Coyotes
The Mexican Coyotes’ large size, striking red color, and adaptability make them a fascinating subspecies to explore. Mexican coyotes exhibit distinct physical characteristics that set them apart from other types of coyotes. They have a more developed appearance, with larger teeth and a wider mouth. This suggests a specialized adaptation for their diet and hunting techniques. Mexican coyotes are also known for their striking red color, which is more intense compared to other coyote subspecies.
Migration patterns of Mexican coyotes demonstrate their adaptability and ability to spread to different regions. They have been observed migrating to Central America, showcasing their ability to thrive in various environments. This adaptability is likely due to their larger size and physical characteristics, which enable them to compete for resources and survive in different habitats.
To further understand the distinct physical characteristics and migration patterns of Mexican coyotes, refer to the table below:
| Physical Characteristics | Migration Patterns |
|---|---|
| Larger teeth and wider mouth | Ability to spread to Central America |
| Striking red color | Adaptability to different environments |
| More developed appearance | Compete for resources and survive in various habitats |
Mexican coyotes are an intriguing subspecies due to their unique physical traits and migratory behavior. Studying them allows us to gain insights into their evolutionary adaptations and their ability to thrive in diverse landscapes.
San Pedro Martir Coyotes
San Pedro Martir Coyotes display remarkable adaptability in their habitat, despite their limited numbers and habitat restrictions. These small species of coyotes have short skulls and vibrant red fur, making them unique among the different types of coyotes. Although there’s limited information available about them, several distinct features of the San Pedro Martir Coyotes have been observed:
- Red fur: The San Pedro Martir Coyotes are known for their strikingly red fur, which sets them apart from other coyote subspecies. This coloration helps them blend into their surroundings in their specific habitat.
- Small size: Compared to other types of coyotes, the San Pedro Martir Coyotes are relatively small in size. This compact build allows them to navigate their habitat with ease and agility.
- Unique features of Mearns Coyote: Within the San Pedro Martir Coyote population, there’s a subspecies known as the Mearns Coyote. These coyotes have small teeth and brightly colored fur, further adding to their distinctiveness.
Despite being the rarest type of coyote, the San Pedro Martir Coyotes have managed to adapt to their habitat and thrive in their limited numbers. Further research and study are needed to uncover more information about these fascinating creatures and their unique characteristics.
El Salvador Coyotes
You’ll be amazed by the unique characteristics of El Salvador Coyotes. Originally thought to occur only in El Salvador, these coyotes have recently been sighted in Panama, indicating their migration across the continent. El Salvador Coyotes are known for their dark fur and relatively large size compared to other coyote subspecies.
One fascinating type of El Salvador Coyote is the Mearns Coyote, which stands out with its small teeth and brightly colored fur. These unique features set it apart from other coyote subspecies. The ecological role of Tiburon Island Coyotes, another type found in Mexico, is also noteworthy. These pale coyotes have heavy teeth and a large skull. Although information about them is limited, they’ve been documented hunting and killing adult blue-footed boobies, showcasing their hunting abilities and adaptability to their environment.
El Salvador Coyotes play an important role in the ecosystem of their habitat. As predators, they help control populations of small animals, maintaining a balance in the ecosystem. Additionally, their migration across the continent indicates their ability to adapt to different environments and expand their territory.
Belize Coyotes
Belize Coyotes, the largest non-North American subspecies, are known for their rarity and secrecy. Sightings of these coyotes are extremely rare, making them a mysterious and elusive species.
Found in Mexico near the border with Guatemala and in the mountains of Belize, their habitat in the border region adds to their unique characteristics and challenges researchers face in studying them.
Rare Sightings and Secrecy
The sightings of Belize coyotes are rare and shrouded in secrecy. These elusive creatures have managed to evade human detection, making them a subject of great curiosity and intrigue. Here are some key points about the rare sightings and conservation efforts surrounding Belize coyotes:
- Limited Sightings:
- Despite concerted efforts, sightings of Belize coyotes are infrequent.
- Their secretive nature and remote habitat contribute to the challenge of observing them in the wild.
- Conservationists and researchers continue to search for these elusive animals to gather more information about their behavior, population, and habitat requirements.
- Conservation Efforts:
- The conservation of Belize coyotes is of utmost importance due to their rarity and unique characteristics.
- Conservation organizations are working to protect their natural habitat and preserve the biodiversity of the region.
- Collaborative efforts between researchers, local communities, and government bodies aim to raise awareness and implement conservation strategies to ensure the survival of Belize coyotes for future generations.
Despite the limited sightings and secrecy surrounding Belize coyotes, ongoing conservation efforts provide hope for their continued existence and protection.
Largest Non-North American Subspecies
To continue our exploration of the various types of coyotes, let’s now delve into the fascinating world of the largest non-North American subspecies.
Meet the Belize Coyotes, the largest non-North American coyote subspecies. These elusive creatures are found in Mexico near the border with Guatemala and in the mountains of Belize. Due to their secretive nature, sightings of Belize Coyotes are rare, making them a mysterious and intriguing species.
Unfortunately, limited information is available about their unique features. However, it’s known that the Mearns Coyote, a subspecies of the Belize Coyote, has small teeth and brightly colored fur.
Further research is needed to uncover more about the largest non-North American subspecies and their fascinating characteristics.
Border Region and Habitat
Continuing from the previous subtopic, let’s explore the border region and habitat of the Belize Coyotes.
- Border Region Conservation Efforts:
- Belize Coyotes inhabit the Mexico-Guatemala border and the mountains of Belize.
- Conservation efforts in this region focus on protecting the coyotes’ habitat and promoting sustainable land use practices.
- Collaborative initiatives between Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize aim to maintain connectivity and preserve the genetic diversity of coyote populations.
- Impact of Habitat Loss on Coyote Populations:
- Habitat loss due to deforestation and urbanization poses a significant threat to Belize Coyotes.
- Destruction of their natural habitat disrupts their food sources and breeding patterns.
- Conservation measures include reforestation projects, protected areas establishment, and community education to mitigate the negative impact of habitat loss.
Efforts to conserve the border region and habitat of the Belize Coyotes are crucial for the long-term survival of this unique subspecies. By protecting their habitat and addressing habitat loss, we can help ensure the continued existence of these fascinating creatures.
Honduras Coyotes
You can spot Honduras Coyotes north of Honduras’s capital, Tegucigalpa, characterized by their copper-red color, thin fur, and broad skull. These coyotes are extremely rare, with only four registered sightings since 1946, making them one of the most elusive subspecies. Their rarity adds to the aura of secrecy surrounding them.
Honduras Coyotes have a distinct copper-red coloration that sets them apart from other coyote types. Their fur is thin, suggesting adaptation to the warm climate of the region. Additionally, their broad skull indicates a slightly different cranial structure compared to other coyote subspecies.
Due to the scarcity of information and limited sightings, there’s still much to learn about the behavior and habitat preferences of Honduras Coyotes. Researchers and wildlife enthusiasts are eager to uncover more details about these elusive creatures. Efforts to study and conserve this unique subspecies are vital to understanding the broader ecological dynamics of coyotes in Central America.
While their secretive nature may make them difficult to observe, the allure of spotting a Honduras Coyote in its natural habitat is a testament to the wonders of biodiversity. As research advances and more individuals contribute to the knowledge base, the understanding of Honduras Coyotes will undoubtedly deepen, shedding light on their role in the ecosystems of Honduras and beyond.
Durango Coyotes
Moving on to the Durango Coyotes, these coyotes are a large type with an off-red color and can be found in the state of Durango, Mexico. These coyotes have a significant ecological impact on their environment.
Here are some interesting facts about Durango Coyotes:
- Durango Coyote Population: The population of Durango coyotes is relatively stable, with an estimated number of 500 individuals in the state of Durango. However, due to habitat loss and hunting, their numbers have been declining in recent years.
- Ecological Impact: Durango coyotes play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystem. As scavengers, they help in cleaning up carrion, which prevents the spread of diseases. Additionally, they regulate the population of small animals, such as rodents, which can have a negative impact on agricultural crops.
- Conservation Efforts: To protect the Durango coyote population, conservation efforts have been initiated. These include the establishment of protected areas and wildlife corridors to ensure their habitat remains intact. Furthermore, educational programs are being implemented to raise awareness about the importance of these coyotes and their conservation.
Tiburon Island Coyotes
Tiburon Island Coyotes, endemic to Mexico’s Tiburon Island, exhibit unique hunting habits and play a crucial ecological role. These pale species possess heavy teeth and a large skull, indicating their adaptation to hunting larger prey.
Limited information suggests that Tiburon Island Coyotes have been documented hunting and killing adult blue-footed boobies, showcasing their impressive hunting abilities and impact on the island’s ecosystem.
Hunting Habits of Tiburon Island Coyotes
When hunting, the Tiburon Island coyotes exhibit strategic and adaptive behaviors. These hunting habits are crucial for their survival and the ecological impact they have on their habitat. Conservation efforts for Tiburon Island coyotes aim to protect their unique hunting behaviors and maintain their population.
- Hunting Strategies:
- The coyotes utilize both solitary and cooperative hunting techniques, depending on the availability of prey and the size of the group.
- They’re skilled at stalking their prey, using their keen senses of sight, smell, and hearing to locate and track potential targets.
- The coyotes display remarkable agility and speed when chasing prey, often employing quick bursts of acceleration to close the distance.
- Adaptations for Hunting:
- Tiburon Island coyotes have evolved sharp teeth and strong jaws, allowing them to efficiently capture and kill their prey.
- Their large skull provides a solid foundation for powerful jaw muscles, enabling them to deliver a lethal bite.
- The pale coloration of their fur helps them blend into their arid surroundings, making them stealthier and more effective hunters.
- Ecological Impact:
- As apex predators, Tiburon Island coyotes play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the island’s ecosystem by controlling the population of smaller prey species.
- Their hunting activities help regulate the distribution and abundance of herbivores, preventing overgrazing and promoting plant diversity.
- Conservation efforts for Tiburon Island coyotes focus on preserving their natural habitat and ensuring their continued presence, as their absence could have cascading effects on the island’s ecosystem.
Ecological Role of Tiburon Island Coyotes
You can now explore the ecological role of Tiburon Island coyotes, as they play a crucial part in maintaining the balance and diversity of their island’s ecosystem.
The hunting behavior of Tiburon Island coyotes has a significant impact on the local ecosystem. They primarily prey on small mammals, such as rabbits and rodents, helping to control their populations. By regulating the numbers of these prey species, the coyotes prevent overgrazing and maintain the health of vegetation on the island.
Additionally, the presence of coyotes influences the behavior of other animals, shaping their distribution and abundance. For instance, the fear of predation by coyotes can lead to changes in the foraging patterns of herbivores, which in turn affects plant growth and community structure.
Peninsula Coyotes
The Peninsula coyotes, found only in Baja California, are medium-sized coyotes with darker, more red fur. These unique canines have several distinguishing features that set them apart from other coyote subspecies:
- Fur Color and Texture:
- The Peninsula coyotes exhibit a distinct variation in fur color, leaning towards a darker shade of red. This rich hue provides effective camouflage in their desert habitat.
- The fur of Peninsula coyotes is also characterized by a denser texture, which helps them withstand the harsh climate and provides insulation during colder periods.
- Adaptations for Desert Life:
- Peninsula coyotes have developed adaptations to thrive in their arid environment. Their compact size allows them to conserve energy, while their longer legs enable agility and efficient movement across the rugged terrain.
- These coyotes possess keen senses of sight and smell, aiding in locating prey and detecting potential threats amidst the desert landscape.
- Limited Knowledge:
- Despite being native to Baja California, Peninsula coyotes remain relatively enigmatic due to limited research and rare sightings. As a result, scientific understanding of their behavior and ecological role is still incomplete.
The Peninsula coyotes exemplify the remarkable diversity within the coyote species, showcasing their ability to adapt and thrive in unique environments. Further study and conservation efforts are crucial to unravel the mysteries surrounding these fascinating creatures.
Eastern Coyotes
Continuing from the previous discussion on Peninsula coyotes, let’s now explore the fascinating world of Eastern coyotes, inhabiting the eastern states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, and other bordering states, as well as eastern Canada.
Eastern coyotes, scientifically known as Canis latrans var, are larger and heavier than other types of coyotes. They’ve developed longer legs, which enhances their hunting abilities, particularly in Ohio.
Eastern coyotes have a diverse diet, consisting of both plant and animal matter. They’re opportunistic hunters, preying on small mammals such as rabbits, squirrels, and mice. They’re also known to hunt larger animals like deer, especially in areas where their population is high. In addition, Eastern coyotes aren’t picky eaters and will scavenge for carrion and feed on fruits and berries when available.
Eastern coyote population dynamics are influenced by various factors. The expansion of human settlements and habitat fragmentation have led to increased encounters between humans and coyotes. This has resulted in conflicts and, in some cases, the implementation of management strategies to control their population. Additionally, interbreeding with wolves and domestic dogs has led to genetic hybridization in Eastern coyotes, impacting their population dynamics and genetic diversity.
Colima Coyotes
Now let’s delve into the intriguing world of Colima coyotes, found on Mexico’s Pacific coast. These coyotes are recognizable by their unique coat colors, which can range from almost entirely colored coats to ones with very few white parts or entirely yellow coats. They’ve a darker hue compared to other coyote subspecies. The distribution patterns of Colima coyotes primarily focus on the Pacific coast of Mexico.
To recap, here are some key facts about Colima coyotes:
- Unique coat colors:
- Almost entirely colored coats
- Coats with very few white parts
- Entirely yellow coats
- Distribution patterns:
- Concentrated on Mexico’s Pacific coast
Colima coyotes are a fascinating subspecies with their distinct coat colors and their specific distribution along Mexico’s Pacific coast. Further research and observation can provide more insights into their behavior, habitat preferences, and the factors that contribute to their unique coat colors.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Are the Distinguishing Characteristics of the Eastern Coyotes?
The distinguishing characteristics of eastern coyotes include their larger size and heavier build compared to other coyote subspecies. They have longer legs, enabling them to inhabit the eastern states of the US and eastern Canada.
How Does the Size and Appearance of Central Coyotes Differ From Other Coyote Subspecies?
Central coyotes differ from other subspecies in size and appearance. They are noticeably smaller with a paler coat. Plains coyotes are the largest subspecies, while mountain coyotes have larger tails and longer ears. Texas Plains coyotes have brighter and more golden fur. Differences in behavior and comparison to other subspecies can be observed.
What Unique Features Are Associated With the San Pedro Martir Coyotes?
San Pedro Martir coyotes, found in Baja California, are small with short skulls and red fur. Limited information due to habitat restrictions and low numbers. Conservation efforts are needed to protect their unique habitat and behavior.
Where Are the Belize Coyotes Typically Found and Why Are Sightings Rare?
Belize coyotes are typically found in Mexico near the border with Guatemala and in the mountains of Belize. Sightings of these coyotes are rare, making them secretive and elusive to observe in their natural habitat.
Can You Provide More Information on the Hunting Abilities of the Eastern Coyotes in Ohio?
Eastern coyotes in Ohio have developed impressive hunting abilities, adapting to their environment. They play a crucial role in local ecosystems by controlling populations of small mammals. Effective management strategies are necessary to balance their presence and minimize conflicts with humans.
Erzsebet Frey (Eli Frey) is an ecologist and online entrepreneur with a Master of Science in Ecology from the University of Belgrade. Originally from Serbia, she has lived in Sri Lanka since 2017. Eli has worked internationally in countries like Oman, Brazil, Germany, and Sri Lanka. In 2018, she expanded into SEO and blogging, completing courses from UC Davis and Edinburgh. Eli has founded multiple websites focused on biology, ecology, environmental science, sustainable and simple living, and outdoor activities. She enjoys creating nature and simple living videos on YouTube and participates in speleology, diving, and hiking.